Dear Sir,
Thankyou Sir, for publishing my second assignment.
I wanted to say that I really enjoyed myself learning and updating my knowledge during
my stay at the N.I.E. I am happy that I was able to keep smiling throughout the year. Please be kind enough to give my sincere regards to all the lectureres.
I wish you and the entire department 'Merry Chritmas and a Happy New Year'.
Hoping to see you and the other lecturers again I conclude for now.
Monday, December 21, 2009
Sunday, December 13, 2009
The Monitor Model in relation to Second Language Learning.
Krashen's Monitor Model (1982) consists of the five 'hypotheses'.
Theyare as follows.
1. The acquisition - learning hypothesis
According to Krashen there are two ways for adults to learn L2'acquisition and learning'. The first is acquiring samples from beingexposed to L2 by understanding.This is similar to children picking uptheir first language and it happens unconsciouly.
Secondly learning the language through a conscious process of studyand the mastering of grammar rules.
2. The monitor hypothesis
From Krashen's point of view acquired systems acts to initiatethe speaker's utterances and it is responsible for fluency andintuitive judgements about correctness.The learned system acts only asan editor or 'monitor'.He further specified that learners use monitoronly when they want to make sure of their utterances to examine theircorrectness.He says that knowing the rules helps by supplimenting whathas alredy been acquired.Krashen emphasises that L2 teaching should becreating conditions for 'acquisition' rather than learning.
3. The natural order hypothesis
Krashen observed that the natural order is independent of theorder in which rules have been learned in language classes.Eg:- therule for adding 's' to the third person singular verbs in the presenttense is easier to state, but even some advanced language speakersfail to apply it in rapid conversation.
4. The input hypothesis
Krashen states that one acquires language only by been exposed tocomprehensive input.If the input contains forms and structures beyondthe current level of competencies in the language then bothcomprehension and acquisition will occur.He retains the fact thatinput is the source of acquisition.
5. The affective filter hypothesis
This is an imaginary barrier which prevents learners fromacquiring L2 from the available input. 'Affect ' refers tomotives,needs,attitudes,and emotional states. a learner who istense,angry,anxious, or bored may 'filter input',making it unavailablefor acquisition.This filter will block input when the learner isstressed or uninterested and unmotivated.The blokage will be down whenthe learner is motivated.That's why a teacher must have a stress freeclassroom environment.
If communicative language is to take place there should bemeaningful interactive tasks rather than trying to accomplish rules.
Theyare as follows.
1. The acquisition - learning hypothesis
According to Krashen there are two ways for adults to learn L2'acquisition and learning'. The first is acquiring samples from beingexposed to L2 by understanding.This is similar to children picking uptheir first language and it happens unconsciouly.
Secondly learning the language through a conscious process of studyand the mastering of grammar rules.
2. The monitor hypothesis
From Krashen's point of view acquired systems acts to initiatethe speaker's utterances and it is responsible for fluency andintuitive judgements about correctness.The learned system acts only asan editor or 'monitor'.He further specified that learners use monitoronly when they want to make sure of their utterances to examine theircorrectness.He says that knowing the rules helps by supplimenting whathas alredy been acquired.Krashen emphasises that L2 teaching should becreating conditions for 'acquisition' rather than learning.
3. The natural order hypothesis
Krashen observed that the natural order is independent of theorder in which rules have been learned in language classes.Eg:- therule for adding 's' to the third person singular verbs in the presenttense is easier to state, but even some advanced language speakersfail to apply it in rapid conversation.
4. The input hypothesis
Krashen states that one acquires language only by been exposed tocomprehensive input.If the input contains forms and structures beyondthe current level of competencies in the language then bothcomprehension and acquisition will occur.He retains the fact thatinput is the source of acquisition.
5. The affective filter hypothesis
This is an imaginary barrier which prevents learners fromacquiring L2 from the available input. 'Affect ' refers tomotives,needs,attitudes,and emotional states. a learner who istense,angry,anxious, or bored may 'filter input',making it unavailablefor acquisition.This filter will block input when the learner isstressed or uninterested and unmotivated.The blokage will be down whenthe learner is motivated.That's why a teacher must have a stress freeclassroom environment.
If communicative language is to take place there should bemeaningful interactive tasks rather than trying to accomplish rules.
Thursday, December 10, 2009
Late arrival
Dear Sir,
As my daughters are sitting for the O/L exams tomorrow I will be late to come to N.I.E.
As my daughters are sitting for the O/L exams tomorrow I will be late to come to N.I.E.
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